The vertical displacement of plunger 1, sunk into the soil to determine its density, is transmitted from handle 2 through bevel gears 3 and 4. Gear 4 is a nut which traverses screw 5 vertically and, with it, the whole system consisting of frames 6 and 7 which slide along fixed frame 8 as on guides. Measuring spring 9 is arranged between frames 6 and 7. The compression of the spring due to the force of resistance of the soil to wedge action brings frames 6 and 7 closer together. This is recorded by pencil a on a paper strip attached to revolving drum 10. The drum is rotated by a spring (not shown) as cable 11 winds on pulley 12.
$2270$LS,M$