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Hulubei, Horia (1896 - 1972)

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Romanian physicist

We can say that atomic physics in Romania - and even the world - fully benefited of fruitful activity of scientist Horia Hulubei. Born in Iaşi, attending boarding high school in the same city, his name is inscribed on the table of honor to this school. Since that time, science and technology was his passion. "I work in “Gazeta matematică” that time, organized scientific symposia with colleagues” - he confessed in a book of interviews. “I was happy doing what I love. Together with two friends, I even built a glider that I tested successfully”.
Higher education, which he begun in 1915, after the high school graduation, was interrupted when Romania entered in war. He fights in infantry troop in Romania, taking part in glorious battle at Mărăşeşti and then as aviator in France, in a group of young people recruited by the head of the French military mission to Romania, General Berthelot, he was wounded and decorated. After World War ends, he resumes his studies; at graduation, he dedicated himself to education, becoming in turn, preparator, assistant in physical chemistry chair, University of Iaşi. Wishing to be in contact with the most representative scholars of the time, he carried out research at Sorbonne Laboratory of Chemical Physics, laboratory led by renowned savant that time Jean Perrin, working here, with interruptions during the years 1927 -1938. In 1933, he obtained his doctorate in physics in Paris, reaching even the director of research at the University of Paris. Horia Hulubei worked hard in the country, being, in turn, associate professor and professor at the University of Iaşi, then in Bucharest. Here, in addition to intensive research work, had a rich research and organization activity in the Institute of Physics, created in 1948, which he conducted until 1965, when he was given charge of the Atomic Physics Institute, then newly created.
Horia Hulubei has the merit of being formed generations of specialists in atomic and nuclear physics. At the same time, he was distinguished in important scientific discoveries. Thus, he obtained, first in the world, X-ray spectra in gas. To this, he built a special spectrometer, his own design. Romanian scientist had important contributions in neutrino physics, in the study of trans-uranium elements, in the study of nuclear reactions, especially in the nuclear interactions at low, medium and high energies. He studied also meson disintegration.
As the first director of major research institutes, Horia Hulubei had a role in installing - for the first time in the country - a nuclear reactor (second in Eastern Europe) and a cyclotron, and later to organize scientific research based on these modern instruments. Also, Horia Hulubei had an outstanding international activity, was one of the main organizers of the famous "Palace of Discovery" in Paris (1937). He was vice president of the Governing Council and the International Atomic Energy Agency (in Vienna), member of the Unified Institute of nuclear Research in Dubna (USSR).
For his very remarkable, Horia Hulubei received numerous scientific awards, both in country and abroad, being simultaneously, a member of many academies and scientific societies of prestigious national and international. In 1937 he was elected a corresponding member of Romanian Academy and in 1955, member of the RPR Academy. "One of my greatest satisfactions - he said - is that, by establishing the Institute of Atomic Physics, was made possible to increase the country scientist number, eminent physicists - many of them already work in the known world - bringing prestige of Romanian science and being the exchange specialists in this area tomorrow".
   
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Hulubei, Horia
   
Curriculum vitae  
* 1896 Iasi nato
1919 Iasi
1927 - 1938 Paris
1935 Bucuresti
1937 Bucuresti
1955 Bucuresti
† 1972 Bucuresti morto
Collections
Automatizzazione, dal 1950
Immagini
 
Hulubei Horia
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Permanent links
DMG-Lib FaviconDMG-Lib https://www.dmg-lib.org/dmglib/handler?biogr=17191004
Europeana FaviconEuropeana  http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/2020801/dmglib_handler_biogr_17191004.html
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