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French mathematician and designer of real size models of geometric shapes, a series of gears, gear making machine, mathematical models, which are both objects of research and pedagogical models.
Théodore Olivier is mainly known as being, in 1829, one of the four founders of Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures also named today Ecole Centrale Paris. He was a former student of Gaspard Monge and he taught descriptive geometry. He highly contributed to the science of ruled surfaces and to the theory of gearing. He designed many selfexplanatory models; most of them are movable. In rigid-body kinematics the locus of the instantaneous axes of any time-dependent motion is a ruled surface. That way, Olivier pioneered Julius Plücker’s work about straight-line geometry and, consequently, disclosed basic tools for the “screw theory” devised by Robert Ball. Moreover, with his book about the general skew arrangement of two gear wheels together with his models of gears, Olivier is one of the scientific ancestors of Jack Phillips with his book issued in 2003 on «General Spatial Involute Gearing ».
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variant spelling:
OLIVIER, Théodore
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History
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* 21.01.1793
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Lyon
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born
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1810
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Paris
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Ecole Polytechnique admission.
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1815
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Metz
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Artillery School Student-Lieutenant at Metz.
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1818
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Lieutenant attached to the Application School, as assistant to the Teacher of Mathematics and Physics.
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1821 - 1825
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Suède
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Polytechnic teaching organizer at the Marienberg Royal School to please the King of Sweden: Creator of a military school senior.
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1828
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Paris
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Collaborative Alphonse Lavallée's project to create a forming civil engineers institution.
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1829
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Paris
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First professors of the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures.
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1829
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Paris
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Tutor at the École Polytechnique.
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1839
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Paris
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National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts professor at the chair of Descriptive Geometry.
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1840 - 1853
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Paris
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Conservatory of Arts and Crafts Administrator.
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1842
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Study and calculation of gears: "Geometrical Theory gears for transmitting the rotational movement between two axes not placed in a same plane."
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1842
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Report on the precision instruments.
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1842
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Treaty of Descriptive Geometry.
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1842
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Memoirs of gears.
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† 05.08.1853
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died
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